{"id":1343,"date":"2015-04-11T09:00:25","date_gmt":"2015-04-11T15:00:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/?p=1343"},"modified":"2015-05-19T12:09:42","modified_gmt":"2015-05-19T18:09:42","slug":"creating-a-home-server-part-7-how-to-add-ssl-to-an-ubuntu-14-04-lamp-web-server","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/index.php\/2015\/04\/creating-a-home-server-part-7-how-to-add-ssl-to-an-ubuntu-14-04-lamp-web-server\/","title":{"rendered":"Creating a Home Server Part 7: How to Add SSL to an Ubuntu 14.04 LAMP Web Server"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>With increased concerns regarding internet security, adding additional preventative measures to publicly accessible computers like the one in this <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/index.php\/category\/home-server\/\">Home Server Series<\/a> is an almost automatic inclusion. Find out how to create a self-signed SSL certificate and force all traffic to be redirected to secure HTTPS from unsecured HTTP.<!--more-->\u00a0A self-signed certificate uses the same encryption as a certificate generated by a signing authority like <a title=\"StartSSL Certificates and Public Key Infrastructure\" href=\"http:\/\/www.startssl.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">StartSSL<\/a>. The main difference is that certificates from signing authorities are verified by that third party and will not throw a warning when used. Since self-signed certificates do not have third party verification, each time the secured site is visited, a warning will appear in the browser.<\/p>\n<div id=\"toc_container\" class=\"no_bullets\"><p class=\"toc_title\">Contents<\/p><ul class=\"toc_list\"><li><a href=\"#Video_Tutorial\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">1<\/span> Video Tutorial<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Prerequisites\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">2<\/span> Prerequisites<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Create_a_Self-Signed_SSL_Certificate\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">3<\/span> Create a Self-Signed SSL Certificate<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Configure_Apache_Web_Server\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">4<\/span> Configure Apache Web Server<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Enable_HTTP_to_HTTPS_redirect_in_Apache\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">5<\/span> Enable HTTP to HTTPS redirect in Apache<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Add_the_Self-Signed_Certificate_to_Firefox\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">6<\/span> Add the Self-Signed Certificate to Firefox<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Setup_Port_Forward_the_Router\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">7<\/span> Setup Port Forward the Router<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Closing_Words\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">8<\/span> Closing Words<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<h1><span id=\"Video_Tutorial\">Video Tutorial<\/span><\/h1>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/HxyKP4oesY0\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h1><span id=\"Prerequisites\">Prerequisites<\/span><\/h1>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"Creating a Home Server Part 2: Installing the Operating System\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/index.php\/2014\/09\/creating-a-home-server-part-2-installing-the-operating-system\/\">an Ubuntu\/Debian Operating System<\/a> (Desktop or \u00a0Server editions)<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Creating a Home Server Part 3: How to install no-ip client in Ubuntu\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/index.php\/2015\/01\/creating-home-server-part-3-install-no-ip-client-ubuntu\/\">a public web address<\/a> (static or dynamic DNS)<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Creating a Home Server Part 6: How to Install WordPress on Ubuntu 14.04\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/index.php\/2015\/03\/creating-a-home-server-part-6-how-to-install-wordpress-on-ubuntu-14-04-desktop\/\">a LAMP server<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1><span id=\"Create_a_Self-Signed_SSL_Certificate\">Create a Self-Signed SSL Certificate<\/span><\/h1>\n<ol>\n<li>Ensure all software packages are up to date. In &#8216;Terminal,&#8217; type the following:\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">sudo apt-get update &amp;&amp; sudo apt-get upgrade -fy &amp;&amp; sudo apt-get dist-upgrade -fy<\/pre>\n<p>NOTE: If you are using a desktop version, simply run the software updater.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/01-softupdate.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1345 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/01-softupdate.png\" alt=\"01-softupdate\" width=\"423\" height=\"137\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/01-softupdate.png 423w, https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/01-softupdate-300x97.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 423px) 100vw, 423px\" \/><\/a><\/li>\n<li>Create a new folder directory to store the SSL certificate and create the SSL certificate,\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">sudo mkdir \/etc\/apache2\/ssl\r\nsudo openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 730 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout \/etc\/apache2\/ssl\/apache.key -out \/etc\/apache2\/ssl\/apache.crt<\/pre>\n<p>NOTE: The SSL certificate will be valid for two years (hence the 730 days). After which a new certificate will need to be made.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/03-createSSL.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1347 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/03-createSSL-1024x563.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"563\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/03-createSSL-1024x563.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/03-createSSL-300x165.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/03-createSSL.png 1133w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>NOTE: If the above code outputs an error, ensure that openssl is installed:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">sudo apt-get install openssl<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h1><span id=\"Configure_Apache_Web_Server\">Configure Apache Web Server<\/span><\/h1>\n<ol>\n<li>Open default SSL configuration file:\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">sudo nano \/etc\/apache2\/sites-available\/default-ssl.conf<\/pre>\n<p>NOTE: code is found in previous image (#3)<\/li>\n<li>Scroll down with the arrow keyboard keys until the lines containing SSLCertificateFile and SSLCertificateKeyFile. Modify the file locations with the new SSL certificate locations.\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">SSLCertificateFile \/etc\/apache2\/ssl\/apache.crt\r\nSSLCertificateKeyFile \/etc\/apache2\/ssl\/apache.key<\/pre>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/04-ChangeApache.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1348 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/04-ChangeApache.png\" alt=\"04-ChangeApache\" width=\"1000\" height=\"496\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/04-ChangeApache.png 1000w, https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/04-ChangeApache-300x149.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><\/li>\n<li>Save the configuration file using the keyboard command &#8220;Ctr&#8221;+&#8221;O&#8221; and exit the editor with &#8220;Ctr&#8221;+&#8221;X&#8221;.<\/li>\n<li>Enable the Apache SSL mod:\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">SSLCertificateFile \/etc\/apache2\/ssl\/apache.crt\r\nSSLCertificateKeyFile \/etc\/apache2\/ssl\/apache.key<\/pre>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/02-enableSSL.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1346 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/02-enableSSL.png\" alt=\"02-enableSSL\" width=\"985\" height=\"529\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/02-enableSSL.png 985w, https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/02-enableSSL-300x161.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 985px) 100vw, 985px\" \/><\/a><\/li>\n<li>Enable the default SSL site:\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">sudo a2ensite default-ssl\r\nsudo service apache2 restart<\/pre>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/05-enableSSLsite.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1349 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/05-enableSSLsite-1024x576.png\" alt=\"05-enableSSLsite\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/05-enableSSLsite-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/05-enableSSLsite-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/05-enableSSLsite.png 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h1><span id=\"Enable_HTTP_to_HTTPS_redirect_in_Apache\">Enable HTTP to HTTPS redirect in Apache<\/span><\/h1>\n<ol>\n<li>Open the Apache configuration file:\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">sudo nano \/etc\/apache2\/apache2.conf<\/pre>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/10-Redirect.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1354 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/10-Redirect.png\" alt=\"10-Redirect\" width=\"677\" height=\"60\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/10-Redirect.png 677w, https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/10-Redirect-300x27.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 677px) 100vw, 677px\" \/><\/a><\/li>\n<li>Scroll to the bottom of the file and add the following lines:\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\"># HTTP to HTTPS Redirect\r\nRewriteEngine On\r\nRewriteCond %{HTTPS} !=on\r\nRewriteRule ^\/?(.*) https:\/\/%{SERVER_NAME}\/$1 [R,L]<\/pre>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/11-AddCode.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1355 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/11-AddCode.png\" alt=\"11-AddCode\" width=\"746\" height=\"416\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/11-AddCode.png 746w, https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/11-AddCode-300x167.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 746px) 100vw, 746px\" \/><\/a><\/li>\n<li>Save the configuration file using the keyboard command &#8220;Ctr&#8221;+&#8221;O&#8221; and exit the editor with &#8220;Ctr&#8221;+&#8221;X&#8221;.<\/li>\n<li>Enable the Apache rewrite mod:\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">sudo a2enmod rewrite\r\nsudo service apache2 restart<\/pre>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/12-EnableRewrite.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1356 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/12-EnableRewrite.png\" alt=\"12-EnableRewrite\" width=\"760\" height=\"220\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/12-EnableRewrite.png 760w, https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/12-EnableRewrite-300x87.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 760px) 100vw, 760px\" \/><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h1><span id=\"Add_the_Self-Signed_Certificate_to_Firefox\">Add the Self-Signed Certificate to Firefox<\/span><\/h1>\n<ol>\n<li>Open <a title=\"Firefox Web Browser\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mozilla.org\/en-US\/firefox\/desktop\/\" target=\"_blank\">FireFox<\/a> and navigate to your website using the https protocol.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/06-TestSite.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1350 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/06-TestSite-1024x311.png\" alt=\"06-TestSite\" width=\"1024\" height=\"311\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/06-TestSite-1024x311.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/06-TestSite-300x91.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/06-TestSite.png 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/li>\n<li>Click on the &#8220;Add Exception&#8221; button at the bottom of the &#8220;This Connection is Untrusted&#8221; page.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/07-Untrusted.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1351 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/07-Untrusted-1024x576.png\" alt=\"07-Untrusted\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/07-Untrusted-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/07-Untrusted-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/07-Untrusted.png 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/li>\n<li>Click on the &#8220;Confirm Security Exception&#8221; button.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/08-confirmException.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1352 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/08-confirmException.png\" alt=\"08-confirmException\" width=\"499\" height=\"340\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/08-confirmException.png 499w, https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/08-confirmException-300x204.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 499px) 100vw, 499px\" \/><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>If Firefox redirects to the correct page, the SSL certificate installation is successful.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/09-ItWorks.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1353 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/09-ItWorks.png\" alt=\"09-ItWorks!\" width=\"1012\" height=\"350\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/09-ItWorks.png 1012w, https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/09-ItWorks-300x104.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1012px) 100vw, 1012px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h1><span id=\"Setup_Port_Forward_the_Router\">Setup Port Forward the Router<\/span><\/h1>\n<p>The final step is to forward the appropriate port on your router for SSL, port 443.\u00a0In Terminal, use the command &#8220;ifconfig&#8221; to find the IP address of the computer and \u00a0create a port forward rule for port 443 to the appropriate IP address on your router.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1573\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/13-IPaddress.png\" alt=\"13-IPaddress\" width=\"641\" height=\"369\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/13-IPaddress.png 641w, https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/13-IPaddress-300x173.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 641px) 100vw, 641px\" \/><\/p>\n<h1><span id=\"Closing_Words\">Closing Words<\/span><\/h1>\n<p>While there will never be a perfect solution for internet security, simple precautions such as adding SSL encryption can reduce the likelihood of online attacks. Other considerations for managing online risk includes separating the online computer from the rest of the network. Routers often have DMZ features which will perform this function. Join us next time as we conclude the <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.technerdservices.com\/index.php\/category\/home-server\/\">Home Server Series<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>With increased concerns regarding internet security, adding additional preventative measures to publicly accessible computers like the one in this Home Server Series is an almost automatic inclusion. Find out how to create a self-signed SSL certificate and force all traffic to be redirected to secure HTTPS from unsecured HTTP.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1357,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[29,2],"tags":[6,43,45,9,42],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.6.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Adding a SSL to an Ubuntu 14.04 LAMP Web Server<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how to create and install a self-signed SSL certificate to an Ubuntu 14.04 Server running Apache. 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